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Tree Domestication in Southeast Asia : results of a regional study on Institutional capacity for tree domestication in national programs
Tree domestication is human-induced evolution to bring species into wider cultivation through a farmer-driven or market-led process (Simons 1997). Tree domestication is a relatively new concept that represents a paradigm shift away from a focus on 'improving tree species' to 'accelerating species cultivation' to serve the needs of smallholder farm families. It is an iterative process that Includes a wide range of activities exploration and collection of natural populations; evaluation and selection of suitable species and provenances; breeding to develop superior cultivars; development of propagation techniques; multiplication and dissemination of germplasm; development of management techniques; utilization and tree product marketing; and the development and dissemination of relevant technical information. Strategies for individual species vary according to their functional use, biology, the target environments and the involved domesticator researcher or farmer (Simons 1996). In an applied sense, tree domestication is the "naturalization of a species to improve its use by humankind.
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